The poll divided sharply along party lines, with 91% of Democrats saying Trump should be charged, compared to 19% of Republicans.
The poll was conducted a week into the House select committee's investigation into the Capitol riot by Trump's supporters, who claimed the 2020 presidential election was "stolen."
Asked whether they found Trump responsible for the attack, 58% said he bore a "great deal" or a "good amount" of responsibility. That view was shared by 91% of Democrats and 21% of Republicans.
Approximately 46% agreed that Trump bears a "great amount" of responsibility for the violent storming of the Capitol.
The survey was conducted on June 17-18 among 545 adults, with a margin of error of 4.5 percentage points.. An April poll had the number of Americans in favor of charges against Trump at 52%.