Several videos purportedly depicting the rocket launches amid PLA drills have been circulating on the Chinese social media platform Weibo.
One of the clips, shared by a military blogger, shows an alleged launch from the shore, suggesting it took place in the Taiwan Strait.
The exercises, which began at around 04:00 GMT, involve "live-fire", according to the CCTV.
At the same time, China's MoD noted that missiles with non-nuclear warheads had been launched into the sea east of Taiwan.
Beijing ordered major military drills near Taiwan after US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi visited the island. The trip caused a major reaction from the Chinese government, which lambasted Washington for violating its One-China policy, and pledged to retaliate.