Nestled in the mountainous precincts of the lunar south pole lies the time-worn scar known as Shackleton Crater, maintaining temperatures below -173 °C. Due to the Moon's inclination angle, only the elevated ridges and peaks within this region bask in the Sun's illumination.
A significant portion of this expanse remains veiled in shadow, forming what experts call “cold traps”— potential sanctuaries where water or ice may stay hidden from the Sun's direct exposure and elude the scrutiny of curious astronomers.
With deft precision, NASA has ingeniously merged imagery from two separate cameras to unveil a flawless depiction of Shackleton Crater, shrouded in darkness for eons, now revealed in all its splendor.
Chinese astronomers have set their sights on dispatching a compact aerial probe to the crater to extract evidence of lunar water ice three years from now. Meanwhile, NASA employs specialized 'night vision' apparatus to rummage into perennial darkness.
Shackleton Crater imaged by ShadowCam and the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera.
© Photo : NASA
With a sensitivity to light in shadowed areas that exceeds other lunar cameras by over 200-fold, ShadowCam stands as a technological marvel. It achieves this feat by harnessing “earthshine”—the light reflections from our planet illuminating the lunar surface.
Additionally, the camera leverages the reflected sunlight from the lunar mountains and ridges. The ShadowCam team has implemented an innovative image mosaic method to rectify this issue.
By interchanging the over-saturated, sunlit regions recorded by ShadowCam with images sourced from other lunar cameras in orbit, a level of detail emerges that is nothing short of breathtaking, providing a visual experience unlike any other.
"With each camera optimized for specific lighting conditions found near the lunar poles, analysts can combine images from both instruments to create a comprehensive visual map of the terrain and geologic features of both the brightest and darkest parts of the Moon," NASA expressed.