In an expedition to the uninhabited Saunders Island in the South Atlantic Ocean, a team of scientists and explorers officially confirmed the existence of the world's eighth lava lake.
The revelation, two decades in the making, was captured in a new episode of National Geographic's "Explorer" series that followed the treacherous expedition to summit Mount Michael, a volcano on Saunders Island in the South Sandwich Islands that plays host to a lava lake.
"Lava lakes are one of the best natural laboratories that we have to study volcanic processes... Lava lakes are not permanent; they are geologically transient, so when we discover a new laboratory, we have to harness it as quickly as we can," Emma Nicholson, a volcanologist and associate professor in Earth sciences at University College London told US media.
The team of explorers first made their attempted to summit Mount Michael in 2020 but were forced to cancel due to inclement weather conditions. Their success eventually came in November 2022 despite having faced a series of daunting challenges.
Reaching the summit of Mount Michael proved to be the most formidable obstacle on the team's journey, with adverse weather conditions and physical strains.
"The way the wind wraps around the island creates a little oasis of calm within the ocean, so we sailed through this wall of cloud and suddenly the volcano opened up in front of us," Nicholson said. "It was the most magnificent moment."
Despite the difficulties, the explorers persevered and managed to view the enormous crater containing the eighth known lava lake on Earth on a second ascent. Due to poor visibility, researchers were unable to pinpoint the lake on their initial ascent.
The remarkable discovery will significantly enhance volcanology models and instrumentation, allowing for a better understanding of volcanic activity. In the future, scientists hope to establish permanent monitoring stations on the island to continually collect and transmit data via satellite.