According to a statement issued by the local administration, the accident took place at around 8:20 a.m. local time (00:20 GMT) when a truck transporting workers crashed in the province's Xilin Gol region, killing 15 people on the spot.
READ MORE: At Least One Dead, 19 Injured in Stabbing Attack in China — Reports (VIDEO)
Another person died on the way to a medical facility and four others succumbed to their wounds at a hospital.
Inner Mongolia is one of China's autonomous regions, located in the north of the country and includes most of the length of China's border with Mongolia.