The Excelsior news portal reported that the escapees were mostly Salvador and Honduras' citizens.
Those fled the shelter took to the road near the town of Villahermosa and went to the border with Guatemala. However, some 80 people were detained and returned to the support centre as a result of the police operation.
Caravans of migrants from Central American countries seeking asylum began to move toward the United States through Mexico last fall. US President Donald Trump called the surge of arrivals a crisis and declared a national emergency in February to secure funds to build a wall on the border with Mexico.