Sinn Fein, the former political wing of the Provisional IRA, have demanded to be included in the Republic of Ireland's next government after winning a record number of seats in the Irish Parliament.
Sinn Fein leader Mary Lou McDonald told RTE: "We have had a historic election. There is no doubt that the old politics of the two-party system is now gone and over, a thing of the past. This vote for Sinn Fein is a vote for Sinn Fein to be in government."
With votes still being counted in a country which uses proportional representation, Sinn Fein have already got 36 seats, compared to 24 for Fianna Fail and 21 for the ruling party of Fine Gael.
In its election manifesto Sinn Fein said it would establish a parliamentary committee and citizens assembly to plan for Irish unity and Ms McDonald said she believed there would be a border poll within five years.
Journalist Ruth Dudley Edwards, in her column in the Belfast Telegraph, wrote: "This reminds many who know Sinn Fein as puppets of the IRA Army Council of Germany in 1932, when the Nazi party became the largest in parliament: Hitler became Chancellor in January 1933 and wasted no time in establishing his brutal dictatorship."
Sinn Fein doubled its vote share to 24 percent but it only put up 42 candidates, which means it is likely to end up behind Fianna Fail and possibly Fine Gael in terms of seats.
Its left-wing policies and focus on healthcare and housing chimed well with the electorate as voters expressed frustration with Ireland’s struggling health system and housing crisis.
Sinn Fein played down its links with the IRA and even its support for a united Ireland, which was not a major issue on the doorstep.
The IRA fought against British rule in Northern Ireland during The Troubles and more than 3,600 people were killed before a 1998 peace deal.
In the latter half of The Troubles Sinn Fein/IRA began to focus on the ballot box instead of the “armed struggle” and won several seats in the British Parliament, but its MPs refused to take up their seats.
Fine Gael and Fianna Fail have always refused to enter into government with Sinn Fein, even after the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) shared power with them at Stormont.
Fianna Fail seems to be edging away from that refusal.
On Monday Fianna Fail’s deputy leader Dara Calleary said: "We certainly will engage with them. We're not going to refuse to talk. But let's be in no doubt that those policy difficulties and those principles are still difficult hurdles."