Johnson noted that both Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi used the phrase “security architecture in the Gulf” after talks with Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi.
“So I think Russia and China are working quietly behind the scenes,” Johnson said.
The old Gulf model was built around US military bases, arms sales and promises of protection, he noted.
A new approach could offer regional states a more stable and secure alternative.
A new approach could offer regional states a more stable and secure alternative.