Last year's U.S. Open runner-up Yelena Dementyeva will start her campaign against Czech Lucie Safarova, who won her second WTA Tour title by claiming the Forest Hills Classic last week.
Dementyeva, 23, has not won a single title this season, with her best result being her appearance in the final in Charleston.
This will be Dementyeva's first match against Safarova, and the Russian player has a good chance of beating her rival.
Myskina, who is currently regaining her old form that saw her triumph at the 2004 French Open, is seeded 13th in New York. Her first opponent will be 28-year-old Tamarine Tanasugarn from Thailand, who won her first and so far only title in Hyderabad in 2003.
Myskina has had a poor season in comparison with the last two years. Family circumstances and a shoulder injury sustained at the start of the year have prevented her from playing at her best. Nevertheless, the Muscovite has started to find her feet again, which an appearance in the final in the Nordic Light Open in Stockholm two weeks ago shows.
Myskina has only played against Tanasugarn once before, when she won in straight sets at the Dubai Duty Free Open in 2003.
In addition to Myskina and Dementyeva, another three Russian ladies will take to the courts at Flushing Meadows on Tuesday. Yelena Likhovtseva (seeded 19th) will take on Italy's Tathiana Garbin, while Anna Chakvetadze (29th seed) will meet Viktoria Kutuzova from Ukraine, and Yevgeniya Linetskaya will play Nuria Llagostera Vives from Spain.
Two Russian men will also play on Tuesday. World number five Nikolai Davidenko will play Czech Tomas Zib, and Dmitry Tursunov will play Cypriot Marcos Baghdatis. Tursunov's best tournament this year has been Wimbledon, where he left the home fans disappointed by beating local favorite Tim Henman in the second round. He went on to reach the fourth round before losing in five sets to Sebastian Grojean.
Two other Russians, Mikhail Yuzhny and Igor Andreyev, won their first round matches on Monday.
