The company said its earnings in the first six months of the current year grew 70%, to $16.35 billion ($9.86 billion in the first six months of 2005).
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) in the reporting period rose 26.7%, to $4.2 billion, from $3.3 billion in the same period last year.
Return on equity (ROE) fell from 47.8% to 39%, which the company said was due to a streamlining of the capital structure.
Rosneft held an initial public offering this summer in Moscow and London, the biggest in Russia's corporate history and the world's fifth largest, raising $10.4 billion.
Rosneft expects to use the IPO proceeds to repay a $7.5 billion syndicated loan, which Rosneftegaz, its parent company, received in September 2005 to acquire a 10.74% stake in energy giant Gazprom.
The company said in mid-September it has no plans to float any additional shares.