China's President Hu Jintao, who is on a three-day official visit to Moscow, has closed the first day of negotiations with President Vladimir Putin.
Russian-Chinese trade reached $29 billion in 2006, Putin said.
"We are continuing our interaction in the military and military-technical spheres. And we intend to advance cooperation in science, culture, education and tourism," he said.
Russia and China have agreed to prepare a cooperation plan to develop Russia's eastern and China's northeastern regions, the two leaders said in a joint declaration.
Putin and Jintao also said the implementation of large-scale bilateral projects in the energy sector will help boost the countries' economies and strengthen their economic security.
Russian Railways is ready to deliver up to 15 million metric tons (17.8 million barrels) of oil to China in 2007 if the countries' oil companies sign relevant contracts, the head of the state-owned monopoly said.
"We are prepared to transport 15 million tons [of oil], but that depends on contracts that have yet to be signed," Vladimir Yakunin said.
He also said Russian and Chinese railway companies are working to increase containerized-cargo shipments to China.
Russia's Vnesheconombank (VEB), China's State Bank for Development, and the administration of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in Siberia have signed a regional investment cooperation agreement.
The program encompasses construction, including housing construction, energy, public utilities, transportation, mineral resources, oil refining, natural gas processing, agriculture, food processing, lumbering, and financial and other services.
