General Baqer Zolqadr made a six-day visit to Russia that ended Monday.
Ministry spokesman Mikhail Kamynin said the delegation had discussed protection of land and maritime sections of state borders.
"This matter is of substantial interest to Russia, especially considering the priority of fighting trans-border crime, including terrorism and drug trafficking," he said.
Since Iran resumed uranium enrichment in January 2006, the country has been the focus of international concerns, as some Western countries, particularly the United States, suspect Tehran is pursuing a covert weapons program. But Tehran has consistently claimed it needs nuclear power for civilian power generation and is full entitled to its own nuclear program.
The UN Security Council voted unanimously last month to impose new sanctions against the Islamic Republic for its refusal to halt uranium enrichment.
UN Security Council Resolution 1747 freezes the foreign accounts of 13 companies and 15 individuals involved in uranium enrichment and missile development projects, imposes visa restrictions and bans arms exports from Iran. It also threatens new sanctions if Iran does not comply with it within 60 days, and urges the Islamic Republic to return to negotiations.
