The A Just Russia party, which brought the suit, had accused the Communists of violating intellectual property rights during their election campaign.
During its parliamentary election campaign, the Communist Party issued two million postcards dedicated to November 7, the date of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution. The postcards featured famous Soviet-era symbols which A Just Russia claimed that the Communist Party had not received permission to use, therefore violating intellectual property protection laws.
The court gave no reason for its rejection of the suit. A Just Russia has the right to appeal the verdict within five days.
Eleven parties are set to run for the State Duma, the lower house of Russia's parliament, on December 2. The State Duma is currently dominated by the United Russia party, which draws its strength from its association with President Putin, who is to head the party's candidate list in the upcoming polls.