Polling stations opened amid tight security across Jordan at 5 a.m. GMT and are due to close at 5 p.m.
The main opposition Islamic Action Front (IAF), which had threatened to boycott the polls over claims of ballot rigging in July municipal elections, is fielding 22 candidates.
Saad al Chab from the interior ministry told the Al Jazeera news agency that King Abdullah, Jordan's ruler, "has ordered the government to run the elections in complete transparency and fairness. As a result the ministry of the interior has decided the election will run on an electronic basis."
The IAF, which won 17 parliamentary seats in the previous elections in 2003, has demanded independent monitors.
Marouf Bakhit, the prime minister, turned down the request which he said would mean "that Jordan's transparency and electoral process is questionable."
Officials were predicting a turnout of at least 60 per cent.
