The presidents are expected to discuss "topical issues of bilateral cooperation," as well as the implementation of decisions approved by the Russia-Belarus Union State Supreme Council in February, the statement said.
At the Supreme Council's February meeting, Medvedev said Russia and Belarus would step up efforts to create a customs union and a common economic space. The countries also signed an agreement on the joint protection of the Russia-Belarus Union State's airspace and the creation of an integrated regional air defense network.
The agenda for Thursday's meeting could include the discussion of an additional $2.7 billion loan that Belarus has asked Russia for.
Last week, Minsk received a $500 million loan from Moscow. Belarus earlier received $1 billion of a $2 billion, 15-year stabilization loan from Russia.