Six cars loaded with explosives were blown up over the course of several hours in various districts of the Iraqi capital, including at a municipal market and near a medical center.
"Moscow decisively condemns these bloody crimes, in which innocent people were killed. We express our condolences to the relatives of those killed and our regrets to those injured," the Foreign Ministry said in a statement.
One of the car bombs exploded as the motorized convoy of an Interior Ministry general was passing by. The general emerged unhurt, but the explosion killed a civilian and a policeman, while six more policemen were wounded.
"We once again state that there is no justification for using terrorist methods, no matter what slogans such actions hide behind," the statement said.
U.S.-led forces invaded Iraq in 2003 to overthrow Saddam Hussein. According to some estimates, more than 1 million Iraqi civilians have since died in violence in the country.