Unlike the Soviet space program’s lunar and Venus missions, its Mars exploration plan did have very fortunate results. The Soviets began developing Mars probes... 11.10.2013, Sputnik International
Unlike the Soviet space program’s lunar and Venus missions, its Mars exploration plan did have very fortunate results. The Soviets began developing Mars probes in 1959 and conducted the first launches the very next year, several years ahead of their American rivals.
Unlike the Soviet space program’s lunar and Venus missions, its Mars exploration plan did have very fortunate results. The Soviets began developing Mars probes in 1959 and conducted the first launches the very next year, several years ahead of their American rivals.
On October 10, 1960, the Soviets attempted to conduct the first-ever launch to send a probe to Mars. The attempt failed, however, due to a mishap in the Molniya (Lightning) 8K78 carrier rocket. Photo: The Mars 60B probe.
Of the 17 Mars probes launched from 1960 to 1996, only five achieved at least partial success. Eight were lost during or immediately after blastoff Photo: The Mars-1 robotic probe.
The Soviets succeeded in placing a probe on the Martian surface in December 1971, nearly seven months after its launch from the Baikonur Space Center. The Mars-3 probe began transmitting a video signal to Earth as soon as it landed, but then stopped after 20 seconds. However, another probe orbiting the planet transmitted data until August 1972. Photo: Mars-3 unmanned probe.
A carrier rocket for launching Mars and Venus probes is shown in its assembly area.
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