President Xi Jinping, who heads a newly established national security commission, has said China's security covers a wide array of areas, including politics, culture, the military, the economy, technology and the environment, Reuters reported.
The legislation could be adopted as early as next week, despite complaints from foreign business groups and diplomats, who argue that the draft national security law is too broad and vague.
For example, "harmful moral standards" would also be handled under the law, state media said after the draft was read in April by the National People's Congress (NPC) standing committee, a group of about 200 members led by the ruling Communist Party.
"Some standing committee members, participants and departments suggested that in space, the deep sea, polar regions and other strategic new frontiers, China has real and potential major national interests and faces security threats and challenges," the official Xinhua news agency said.
China would therefore "peacefully explore and exploit" space, international sea bed areas and polar regions, and strengthen the security of "activities, assets and other interests" there, Xinhua said.
As for space, China maintains that it has peaceful intentions beyond Earth. Still, the US Defense Department has pointed to China's increasing space capabilities and accused Beijing of pursuing ways to prevent its foes from using space-based assets during a crisis.
China is also aiming to ramp up activity in the Antarctic and Arctic, where it says its important research and energy interests lie.
Provisions to tighten cyber security are also core to the pending law, and foreign technology firms are particularly concerned that language calling for the use of "secure and controllable" products could force them out of the market, Reuters reported.
Legislators would also review a new draft cyber security law, Xinhua news agency said a separate report.
The cyber security provision is among many similar Internet and technology security measures Beijing has pursued after former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden revealed that US intelligence agencies planted code in American tech exports to spy on overseas targets.
"The principle of Internet sovereignty is a major doctrine for safeguarding national sovereignty and interests," Xinhua said.
