"Seventeen searches in homes, warehouses and office buildings have been conducted. As a result, 470 tonnes of rennet products, equipment for manufacturing false labels, as well as documents confirming illegal activities, were seized," the ministry said in a statement.
Two suspected organizers and four members of the group, aged 29 to 58, have been detained.
Moscow recently revised its food embargo import list, first approved in 2014.
The import ban was introduced against countries that targeted Russia with sanctions over Moscow’s alleged involvement in the Ukrainian conflict.
In July, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree authorizing the destruction of embargoed food imports, illegally smuggled to Russia.
Since the decree came into force on August 6, over 450 tons of banned food imports have already been destroyed, including meat, fish, fruit, vegetables and dairy products.