"As far as Syria is concerned, it is pointless to count on progress achieved without the implementation of the agreements reached in Vienna on clarifying the list of terrorist organizations to be destroyed," Lavrov said.
According to the minister, "it is inadmissible to continue to divide terrorists into bad and acceptable."
"There must be a delegation of the Syrian government representatives and the whole spectrum of the patriotic opposition rejecting violence and extremism," the minister said, speaking at an Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe (OSCE) session in Belgrade.
A sustainable settlement in Syria is impossible without an agreed single list of terrorist organizations operating in the country, Lavrov added.
"And of course there can be no justification for attempts to derail the anti-terrorist struggle by military protection of terrorists from retaliation, as it happened in the skies over Syria on November 24 [when a Russian Su-24 bomber was downed by Turkey]," the foreign minister said.
Lavrov in his speech at the OSCE session also expressed his condolences to US State Secretary John Kerry in connection with the recent events in California, when at least 14 people died and 17 were injured in a shooting attack on a healthcare facility providing free services to people with disabilities on Wednesday.
At the first round of Vienna talks in late October, international mediators worked out a nine-point plan on ending the Syrian civil war, including a definition of national unity, the defeat of extremist groups and assistance to refugees.
During the second round of the talks, held on November 14, the mediators agreed to the upholding of the 2012 Geneva communique on reaching a political solution to the Syrian civil war. The participating states also set a six-month timeframe for Syria to form an interim unity government, while stipulating that elections in Syria should be held within 18 months.
The talks involved regional and world powers, including Russia, France, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Turkey and the United States.