"Colonel Ruslan Galitsky, while on a mission in the Syrian Arab Republic as a military adviser, helped commanders of a Syrian army formation to organize the training of units and master military hardware," the ministry said.
"Col. Ruslan Galitsky died in the hospital as a result of a serious wound. Russian combat medics fought for his life for several days. The officer was wounded in a shelling of militants of the so-called opposition of a residential district of western Aleppo," the Russian Defense Ministry said in a statement.
Galitsky received a state award posthumously, the ministry said.
The Syrian civil war is ongoing since March 2011, with many armed groups including terrorist organizations such as the Islamic State and Jabhat Fatah al Sham (both outlawed in Russia) involved in the conflict.