"France, along with our other enemies, has a plan to assassinate prominent ministers and members of the country's leadership," Zeine told a Qatari broadcaster.
He added that France uses its tools to destabilize the situation in Niger.
Earlier Tuesday, Nigerien Interior Minister Mohamed Toumba told the broadcaster that Niger's government has approved French President Emmanuel Macron's proposed deadline for the final withdrawal of French troops from the country.
In September, Macron said France would pull its troops from Niger by the end of 2023.