"Adversaries, in turn, could use digital replicas of populations to test whether their algorithmically-optimised content will influence human audiences once filtering and curating systems have been successfully manipulated to connect to them," the document wrote.
The report does not specify which adversaries NATO countries believe could employ such tactics.
"The future information environment will be shaped by autonomous systems operating beyond direct human oversight, leading towards full automation of information operations in parts of the system. Agentic AI systems will constantly interact at scale, filtering, curating, and choosing what kind of information attracts human attention," the report said.
Amid intensifying competition with China in artificial intelligence, the authors called on alliance members to deepen their understanding of Chinese culture.
Earlier in February, French President Emmanuel Macron said that the EU is lagging behind China and the United States in several areas, including artificial intelligence and quantum technologies.