In a statement on Thursday, the Swedish NGO argued that the reported presence of Swedish officers during discussions of so-called kill orders was against Sweden's stance as a non-aligned country.
The activists suggest that their revelations prove that Swedish military involvement in Afghanistan goes far beyond the level authorized by the government and was probably done behind Stockholm's back.
Almost 6,000 Afghan refugees have asked for asylum in Sweden since the start of 2015, data provided by the rights group shows. The number is almost double that of the same statistic in 2014.
Earlier this year, Swedish Doctors for Human Rights condemned a rising death toll among civilians mistakenly targeted by NATO airstrikes in Afghanistan. It cited multiple US media reports of US and European hostages killed during drone missions.