"Looking back over the past 20 years and considering the scale of changes, then projecting such changes onto the coming years, one could assume that the next two decades will be at least as challenging, if not more so," Putin said at the plenary session of the Valdai International Discussion Club on Thursday, pointing to the "era of cardinal, essentially revolutionary changes" and the complex processes facing the world today.
"The imposition and transformation of totalitarian ideologies into the norm is a threat. We see in the example of today's Western liberalism, which has resulted in extreme intolerance and aggression toward any alternative, toward any sovereign and independent thought, and today justifies neo-Nazism, terrorism, racism and even the mass genocide of civilian populations," Putin said.
Today, Putin said, "democracy is increasingly being interpreted" by some "as the power of the minority rather than the majority," contrasting "traditional democracy and people's rule with some abstract freedom, for the sake of which democratic procedures, majority opinion, freedom of speech and non-partisanship in the media can be neglected and even sacrificed."
"There must not be a situation where the model of one country or a relatively small part of humanity is taken as something that's universal and imposed on everyone else," Putin said.
Dangers Emanating From Deadly New Weapons
"International conflicts and clashes are fraught with mutually assured destruction. After all, weapons capable of doing so exist and are constantly being improved, acquiring new forms as technology develops. And the club of those who possess such weapons is expanding. No one can guarantee that they will not be used in the event of an avalanche-like increase in threats and the total destruction of legal and moral norms," the Russian president warned.
"Calls in the West to inflict a strategic defeat on Russia, a country possessing the largest arsenal of nuclear weapons, demonstrate the extreme recklessness of Western politicians, at least some of them. Such blind faith in their own impunity and sense of exceptionalism can turn into a global tragedy," Putin said.
"There is only one military bloc left in the world today, held together by...rigid ideological dogmas and cliches - and that is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, which, without stopping its expansion to the east of Europe, is now trying to extend its approaches to other spaces of the world, violating its own statutory documents," Putin said, highlighting the alliance's broken promises not to expand eastward, and absolute disregard for Russia's interests.
"Ultimately, this all began to look like a creeping intervention, which, without any exaggeration, would be aimed at some kind of humiliation, or better still [for NATO, ed.] the destruction of the country either from the inside or from the outside," the president added.
Birth Pangs of a New World Order
In this environment, "a serious, irreconcilable struggle is unfolding" to form a new world order, according to Putin - "irreconcilable first and foremost because this is not even a fight for power or geopolitical influence," but "a clash regarding the very principles on which relations between countries and peoples will be built in the next stage of history. Its outcome will determine whether we can build a world that will allow everyone to develop and resolve emerging contradictions on the basis of mutual respect for cultures and civilizations, without coercion and the use of force."
"In a sense, a moment of truth is coming. The old world order is going away forever, one might say it is already gone," Putin said.
"Under threat is the monopoly of the West, arising after the collapse of the Soviet Union, acquired at the end of the 20th century. Any monopoly, as we know from history, ends sooner or later. There are no illusions here that monopolies are always a harmful thing - even for the monopolists themselves," Putin said, pointing to the "chaos and systemic crises growing in the countries trying to pursue such policies."
As the Cold War ended, instead of seeing "a chance to rebuild the world on new fair principles, [the West] saw it as their triumph, victory, as our country's capitulation to the West, and therefore an opportunity, by the rights of the winner, to establish complete dominance," Putin said.
"Again, some people had the idea that the world would be better off without Russia, and they tried to finish her off, to destroy everything that was left after the USSR's collapse, and now, it seems, someone is dreaming about this, thinking that the world will be more obedient, better managed. But Russia has more than once stopped those striving for world domination. And a world without Russia would not be better, and those trying to accomplish this must finally understand this," Putin said.
The Russian president said that the emerging multipolar world order must be one that's without hegemons, without any "losing countries or peoples. No one should feel disadvantaged or humiliated. Only then will be able to ensure truly long-term conditions for universal fair and safe development."
"There can be no talk of any hegemony in the new international environment. When this irrefutable and immutable fact is recognized, for example, in Washington and other Western capitals, the process of building a world system that meets the challenges of the future will finally enter a phase of its genuine creation. God willing, this will happen as soon as possible," Putin said.
"We are confident that BRICS provides everyone with a good example of truly constructive cooperation in the new international environment," Putin said, pointing out that "even among NATO members there are those, as you know, who are interested in working closely with BRICS."
"In the meantime, those interested in creating a just and lasting peace have to spend too much effort on overcoming the destructive actions our adversaries take for the sake of their monopolies. It's obvious that this is happening - everyone sees it, in the West itself, in the East, in the South, they all see it," Putin said.
Russia does not see Western civilization as an enemy, does not pose the question of "us or them," nor does it seek to impose its will on anyone, Putin said. This is the policy of the United States and its allies in recent years, and is a formula for disaster, he suggested.
"Acute, fundamental, emotionally charge conflicts do of course significantly complicate global development, but do not interrupt it. In place of chains of interaction destroyed by political decisions and even military means, others arise. Yes, much more complex, sometimes confusing, but ones which preserve economic and social ties. We have seen this in recent years," Putin said, highlighting the collective West's failure to "exclude Russia from the world system, both economically and politically."
The Valdai International Discussion Club is an organization bringing together leading foreign and Russian experts in political science, economics, history, and international relations.
The club was established in 2004 through the initiative of Russia's RIA Novosti News Agency, the Council on Foreign and Defense Policy, and the journals Russia in Global Affairs and Russia Profile. The club takes its name from the location of its first conference, held in Veliky Novgorod near Lake Valdai.